- Politician (Federal Republic of Germany)
- Served in the West German Army, the Bundeswehr.
- Minister-President of Lower Saxony (1999-2003).
- Specialist for pop matters in the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) (2003).
- Federal German Minister for environment, nature conservation and nuclear safety (2005-2009).
- Member of the City Council of Goslar (1991-1999)
- Federal German Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy (2013-2017).
- Federal German Minister for Foreign Affairs (2017-2018).
- Chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany - SPD (2009-2017).
- Pledged repeatedly for militarizing European Union Politics, by choosing the metaphor that EU should quit "vegetarianism" and become "carnivorous" (sic).
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