The lines quoted in English by Ruth's mother are from the poem "And Death Shall Have No Dominion" by Dylan Thomas, published in Twenty-five Poems (1936), though an earlier version was circulating in 1933.
There are many places mentioned by street name in the movie. Rosenstraße was the site of the welfare office for the Jewish community located in Central Berlin, and this building was where the men were housed. Burgstrasse was the site of the SS Headquarters. PrinzAlbrecht Straße was the site of the Gestapo headquarters. Levetzowstraße was the site of the Liberal Synagogue. It was not destroyed in 1938, but was used in 1941 as one of the central collection points for Jews to be deported to concentration and death camps.
Nathan Stoltzfus' book "Resistance of the Heart: Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse Protest in Nazi Germany" (1997) was published after Margarethe von Trotta started work on the film. It is possible that it was used as source material for some of the characters and incidents in the film.
The film's opening prologue states: "The events that unfolded on Rosentrasse in Berlin from February 27 [1943] till March 6, 1943 are a historical fact."