The word that Klaus keeps saying is "lebenslanger Schicksalschatz" (would actually be two words in German) and does literally mean "lifelong treasure of destiny". However, this is not a standard phrase in German.
Neither "Lebenslangerschicksalsschatz" nor "Beinaheleidenschaftsgegenstand" or "Schlauchmachendejungen" are actual German words or phrases. "Lebenslangerschicksalsschatz" literally translates to lifetime-destiny-treasure, "Beinaheleidenschaftsgegenstand" to close-to-passion-thing and "Schlauchmachendejungen" to boys that make hoses. In German none of these words make sense at all.
When Quinn tells Barney he has 52 seconds to explain it takes him exactly 52 seconds to recapture the whole story.
When Barney is telling Quinn his and Robin's history in 52 seconds he mistakenly says the Ted got hit by a bus, when it was Barney who got hit by the bus.
The church pictured is the same church used in the tv show 7th Heaven